The Holocaust Repirations and Payments Essay Example For Students

The Holocaust Repirations and Payments Essay The Holocaust: Repirations and PaymentsThe Holocaust was a burglary, anyway cash can't supplant the lives that were destroyed.The World Jewish Congress gauges between 23-32 billion 1945 dollars were taken from jews in involved Europe. This cash was taken through falsehoods, robbery and inside and out barbarity. After the war, Western Allies helped Jews recover their property, anyway numerous individuals, who were freed by the Soviets, didn't have this extravagance. At the point when families started to settle, and needed assets, they willingly volunteered to sue the foundations who had seized their possessions.Many organizations and nations promptly paid a large number of dollars, anyway the biggest installment, originated from Germany itself. The World Jewish Congress gauges between 23-32 billion 1945 dollars were taken from Jews in Occupied Europe. (CQ researcher)This cash was taken from jewish individuals through duplicity, deceit and altogether burglary. Considering these events, numerous jews put their investment funds in swiss ledgers. German officials additionally did likewise with taken cash. After the war, the swiss banks kept this fortune they had amassed over a multi year time frame. Different nations, for example, Austria, and Poland took valuable belongings from Jewish families, for example, rings, and knickknacks. Individual things by the thousands were taken and used to make German Products. Things, for example, hair and fingernails were trimmed off and used to stuff pads or to make concrete. We will compose a custom exposition on The Holocaust Repirations and Payments explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now After the war, Western Allies helped Jews recalim their property as most ideal as, anyway a few jews lied, and took different people groups valuable effects. A few governments framed conventional examination committies to find what was whos as it were. The new country of Israel, which was taken from the Palistinians by the english, and given to the casualties of the Holocaust, sued Germany for 4.5 Billion dollars. The cash is basic for Israel to purchase arms so as to stop any types of rebellion.Many jews structure class activity suits against organizations, for example, BMW and Mercedes-Benz, both of whom supposedly utilized jewish captives to make vehicles. The United States Government makes a Holocaust claims commitee, to supervise and help in the arrival of cash and property. Numerous individual organizations paid cash, anyway the largestpayment originated from Germany itself. Germany consented to pay 14 billion dollars over a time of 10-14 years to casualties of the Holocaust.Th e cash that the Swiss banks had kept, was being reimbursed. A few banks together consented to pay 4.7 billion dollars altogether to Holocaust families.Austria, pays 150 million dollars over a time of 15 years. Be that as it may, some don't need anything to do with this cash. This is on the grounds that the cash is made of moms rings and fathers teeth. (Joast) Indeed the strategy the majority of this cash was taken was in such a manner, that to benefit from such a shocking event as this, one would need to come up short on specific characteristics that live in ones conscious.However the this gives us that the Holocaust casualties were human, and not 100% casualties similar to the old idea. Numerous people were extremely condemning of individuals who looked for solace and conclusion through million dollar settlements. What was taken from the a great many individuals during the Holocaust will and can never be returned, anyway cash, ought to be the keep going thing on people groups minds when considering this.In reality, 67% of the individuals at present suing germany and different countries about the Holocaust, were not casualties themselves. (http://wjcic.mvb.org/hlcst/current/record/main.html)A sticker price can never be put on a human life, and never ought to be. Requesting cash, just puts a sticker price on one of the most appalling sections of mankind.Instead of requesting cash, they ought to ask that Germany teach its young, that Switzerland utilizes the cash it took, to make a Holocaust commemoration, that Poland construct Jewish sanctuaries, yet not swell ones wallet. Catalog:

College Application Essay Topics

College Application Essay TopicsCollege application essays are much more difficult now than they were just a few years ago. This has led to college applications and essays that are more unique than ever before. Let's take a look at some of the different kinds of essay topics that you will encounter in your college application essays this year.The first essay is something of a hybrid between a biography and an essay. Your second essay must be connected to your personal experience or to some aspect of your background. The essay is not related to your life or any experiences that you have had in your life; rather, it is an extension of some part of your experience. Your life's story has a natural format, so if you feel like you don't have one, you don't need one. Simply write about something that you can share with your reader.Many college application essays will focus on any type of reading you have done in school. Essays about reading are often complicated and require a good deal of c ontent, so make sure you learn how to structure such a detailed essay ahead of time. You can even use your school's reading groups to help you learn how to structure such a complex piece of writing.The third topic of college application essays this year is an opinion. An opinion is generally written by someone who is not a professional and who has a strong opinion on a particular topic. Essays about opinions should be very carefully structured, so as to avoid any errors that might be made with the results of a poor essay. In order to make sure that you learn how to structure an opinion essay, your first stop should be the college's Writing Center. They can help you develop your structure, and then you can focus on finding your voice.One of the most unique topics you can write about this year is your time at college. College applications are very unique, and you will find that almost all college applications have a 'now' section that asks for examples of your personal and academic ac hievements. You do not want to just start talking about your life story, because these tend to get lost in the midst of your life experiences. Instead, your first thought should be about the highlights of your college career.College application essays also ask for examples of your leadership. Leaders often get attention in college applications because their experiences tend to be very personal and they present a strong and personal approach to their community or department. If you do not have experience as a leader, make sure you talk about how your leadership experience has affected you. This can be a very complex topic, so keep your tone at a very light level throughout the essay.Last but not least, college application essays are likely to ask for a response to your essay. These are typically short and to the point. A short response will answer the question and the essay itself, and sometimes this is all that you will need. If you want a longer response, you will most likely need to use the academic paper services that you have been utilizing, and then you will have to decide what types of topics you wish to discuss with your response.Hopefully this article has helped you learn about some of the different types of college application essays that you can expect to see this year. Remember that the best way to learn how to write a college application essay is to actually do it. Find a course, take it, and revise it until you are completely satisfied with the essay.

Importance of Medicines

Question: Compose an article on Importance of Medicines. Answer: The Doctors Without Border or the Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) is a compassionate and global body that conveys meds to individuals who are influenced by pandemics, clashes or furnished power, on a crisis premise. They offer types of assistance to in excess of 70 nations everywhere throughout the world, particularly at the hour of crises. They began a global crusade against HIV in the year 200 by offering meds to individuals who are perpetrated with HIV. They spread their work in excess of 23 nations everywhere throughout the world. MSF depends on a conventional medication for the treatment and fix of individuals who are exacted with intestinal sickness or tuberculosis. The MSF was the main global association that was worried about the ramifications of the requests that United States were making in the TPP exchanges. This was the principal body that restricted to the TPP knowing the suggestions it would have on the general value pace of medications. Development of TPP the country over: The United States, Japan, and ten different nations that arrived at an accord on the TPP had as of late meet up to examine the spread of TPP across countries. The nations have met a few times to build their persuasions by including nations, for example, Korea and Taiwan into their alliance. The primary point of TPP was to guarantee support of the various nations by consenting to the arrangement. The few gatherings of TPP were planned for realizing an ever increasing number of nations together for marking the arrangements contained in the TPP. South Korea and Taiwan, with an enthusiasm for joining the settlement, have begun their arrangements with different individuals. Undoubtedly, the principle issue that Japan has respects their hardware and cars. Among the Asian nations, the individuals who have communicated their readiness in joining TPP are Thailand, Philippines, and Indonesia. Bringing hindrances down to exchange gives a launch to enterprises who have put a lot of cash in begin ning their business. The financial specialists lean toward gambling immense measure of capital for the development of their business in the field of protected innovation rights, for instance, the pharmaceutical business. A territorial unhindered commerce understanding will help in enlarging the market and this, thus, would build the capital speculations and make business. Patients and customers will likewise be liable to pick up. Employments everywhere throughout the world are expanding with the expansion of development in the pharmaceutical business. The significance of business and a decent licensed innovation security will is significant for the commitment towards the world economy and this it is essential to get the subtleties of the TPP. In Europe, the field of biomedical development had occurred once. In any case, the development dried and it came to America. From that point forward a decent insurance over the licensed innovation advancement has prompted the development and im provement of business in the field of protected innovation rights. In any case, only one out of every odd country is as immovably dedicated towards the arrangement of TPP understandings as certain nations, particularly the creating nations have a conviction that it will prompt the expansion in the expense of meds. The primary point of TPP is to incorporate the association of whatever number nations as could be allowed. China is yet to turn into an individual from the TPP understanding thus America ought to stay firm in its situation by permitting an ever increasing number of individuals to be a piece of the TPP understanding. Mystery Negotiations: The MSF has contradicted the mystery of conversations that were being directed by the TPP. The principle restriction was from the partners, common society and MSF and these associations depended on the writings that were spilled by the TPP dealings. The storage room entryway arrangements of the TPP meetings have experienced numerous reactions from a portion of the individuals from the U.S Congress, purchaser individuals and backers of general wellbeing. These gatherings have mentioned the organization of U.S to build straightforwardness through the dealings of US and have required for making the writings and positions identified with the understanding open. The nations have proclaimed that the exchange dealings were directed in private, and this was a piece of betting procedure. The adversaries of TPP have contended that since the dealings occurred in private the arbitrators couldn't carry out the responsibility appropriately and productively. The arbitrators of the TPP have held tha t on the off chance that an excessive amount of data is spilled out, at that point they probably won't have the option to accomplish the focus on which the understanding was made. Customarily, two contentions are held about the exchanges of TPP, right off the bat, that it was a mystery arrangement that had occurred between specialists and furthermore that it was retrained to just those nations that had a lot of information about the extension of business in the field of pharmaceuticals. The information were known to individuals, and the foundation of every nation was additionally known to individuals henceforth, the dealings were kept clandestine with the goal that the executions of such exchanges become simple to do. Such strategies have less probability of getting fruitful and particularly when created nations are included. Nonetheless, there is a contention that is on the side of the exchange arrangements that were held in broad daylight. It was said that on the off chance that t he exchange dealings didn't happen out in the open, at that point the arrangement would have self-destructed. Since individuals are contending about the arrangement that was held in private, it implies that the dealings were not effective in getting it far from assessment and examination. The requests and its impact on the cost of meds: Biologics mean medicines that are presented utilizing natural sources. The organic sources mean and incorporate proteins, monoclonal antibodies, and counteragents. These sources can be utilized for the treatment of sicknesses running from malignancy to Ebola. According to the truisms of Brooking Institution, biologics are substantially more basically complex than the customary medications and are increasingly unpredictable and hard to make. A biologic medication, on a normal, costs multiple times more than a nonbiologic medication. It is a result of such significant expenses of biologic meds. Organizations target fabricating comparative duplicates of such medications with the goal that they are accessible at a lower cost for the individuals who can't manage the cost of it. The organizations attempted to take care of the issue identified with the expense of biologic meds by making comparative forms of such medications that will be accessible at a lower cost. This will be like the conv entional variant of medications. Be that as it may, it was seen that the United States was defensive about this, and they wished to patent the innovations that were made in the field of biologics, in this way expanding the general cost of the medications. Social orders have endured a great deal at the expense of long haul developments for transient costs. This is designated imposing business model evaluating. The expenses are assessed by the sum that is spent on the treatment of individuals. The costs that are acquired on individuals are spent dependent on the illness that individuals have experienced. For instance, to fix the last phase of disease will be progressively costly to fix the principal phase of malignancy. The expense is determined dependent on the sum that is spent on the advancement of the medication used to fix malignant growth. Individuals get licenses over the medications that were made for the treatment of malignancy, and this makes the cost of the disease medicati on high. Foundation limit and reasonable dispersion of work likewise add to the expanding of the expense of prescriptions. The prescriptions are made exorbitant, and the underdeveloped nations don't approach those medications or medications. In the creating nations, enough assets are not accessible that will help in the dispersion of drugs and human services. The explanation for this is nations don't have adequate capital that will help in the development and backing of medications and human services. In this manner, the individuals who are the piece of the creating nations need to bring about the substantial costs of meds and medications. This has come about in around 20 million passings for each year and around 55 people every day. Before the TRIPS had appeared, the states could detail their laws identifying with licensed innovation. Be that as it may, later on with development of TPP states will undoubtedly observe the general laws that existed for the security of protected innov ation rights. The creating countries were never in help for allowing patent assurance over pharmaceutical and drugs and the explanation for this is the creating country realized this would expand the expense of medications and lessening the openness of meds. Consistence with the TRIPS Agreement can end up being lethal for the creating countries as this would expand the expense of medications and individuals would be seen biting the dust at a disturbing rate. Consequently, with the arrangement of TPP and TRIPS the creating countries are stressed over the openness and cost of prescriptions as they are the ones who are the most defenseless against maladies and require simple access to drugs. The Role of Intellectual Property in blocking Access to Affordable Medicines: Before the World Trade Organization had come into power, nations had the position to shape their licensed innovation rights according to which they couldn't concede licenses over pharmaceuticals. The laws in different nations identified with licensed innovation rights were adaptable, and they didn't ensure the prescriptions that were made for the treatment of individuals. It was hence that there was a value climb in the drugs, and the ordinary citizens couldn't manage the cost of the significant expense of the meds. The patent framework in meds is an exceptionally old idea, and this has become the most disputable point in the ongoing years. Protected innovation implies the award of legitimate requests to give one-sided rights to the makers of significant resources. The benefit might be in two structures, scholarly or aesthetic or developments or signs. Henceforth, the point of looking for security over licensed innovation rights is to s

Walkable Streets Term Paper - 275 Words

Walkable Streets (Term Paper Sample) Content: Walkable Street(Name)(University)(Course)(Tutor)(Date)Walkable StreetsWalkability is that measure of how a particular area is friendly to walking. It has health-wise, economic and environmental benefits. There are many factors that influence walkability which include land use patterns, building accessibility, traffic and conditions of the road, quality of the footpaths, other pedestrian rights of way. As a result, the presence of walkable streets is an important concept in sustainable urban design (Abley, 2005). The other factors that affect walkability are: street connectivity; variety and frequency of the buildings; the presence or absence of entrances along the street frontages, proximity and orientation of buildings and homes to watch over the streets, street designs that work for most people; the major infrastructural factors include quality foot paths, buffers to traffic movement, traffic volume and speed, sun or shade in the appropriate seasons, street furnitur e, and conditions of the wind (Wright, 2011).Walkable streets are actually shared spaces. They are actually designed for all types of people irrespective of being on foot, cars, on wheelchairs, or even bicycles. A walkable street actually makes you have the urge to step outside. This means that there are interesting things like trees, people, apartment buildings and homes as you move along. A walkable street is the one that does not make you feel like you are risking your life when crossing it. This is because it has sidewalks, lighting, curb ramps, benches, and signals that will all aid you while crossing it. In summary, a walkable street would lead to any destination that you want to go (Urban Ecology, 2011).Many communities are actually embracing the mobility of pedestrians as a substitute to reducing dependency on automobiles. This shift is attributed to the fact that dependency on automobiles is ecologically unsustainable because of increased pollution, and also reduced walking diminishes social interaction and mixing of populations (Pivo, Gary, Fisher, 2010).According to Hutarabat Lo (2009) he argues that there are several ways that can make a place walkable. Sidewalks should be erected where there are sidewalk gaps with priority being given to those areas that encourage walking like schools, stations of transit, stadiums, and around congested public areas. Moreover, certain obstructions like utility poles and posts can actually decrease the walkable width of the sidewalk. Proper lighting and maintenance of the side walk is to be sustained so as to reduce obstructions, encourage walking, and improve safety. In addition, another way of making the sidewalks safer is by implementing buffers because they absorb carbon dioxide from automobile emissions and also aiding in water drainage.Making of crosswalks is safer and a key component to walkability. Curb extensions decrease the radii of corners of the curb at various intersections. Moreover, curb extensions calm the traffic and also decrease the distance pedestrians have to cross. While on the streets with parking, the curb extensions allow pedestrians to see the oncoming traffic better where they would otherwise be forced to walk into the street to see past the parked cars. The zebra crossings or striped crosswalks also provide safer avenues for crossing because they provide better visibility for both the pedestrians and drivers (Zehner, 2012). Walkable streets in relationship with public transitA walkable street must contain a relatively large number of friendly pedestrians. This is because many people are of the belief that the different physical street designs features are sufficient enough to create walkability. The best designed streets are actually not walkable if we walk in them. On the other hand, streets that are poorly designed are memorably walkable if it contains a large number of people. Very little is more enjoyable and attractive to humans than an inherently vibrant , festive place filled with blissful and sociable people (Nozzi, 2011). Whether driving, walking or riding a bike we all need to get where we are going safely. This is because there have been efforts by city officials and traffic engineers to value moving traffic over the moving pedestrians comfortably and safely.According to Nozzi (2011) he asserts that cities should be designed and planned in such a way that it encourages the people to walk rather than using automobiles. The planners should be focused on the overall experience of the pedestrian when designing the character and layout of the urban street and infrastructure. The overall workability of the cities can actually be improved through development of car free areas. They can take numerous shapes depending on the cities context. The approaches could vary from calming the traffic of a single street to a totally car-free city. This is because the development of areas free of cars is easier to enforce than parking regulation or policing the whole area.Walkable street design, the development of streets that are pedestrian friendly needs a serious consideration of a variety of factors early in the process of planning. Those areas that encourage people to walk more like schools, retail stores, and stadiums are to have proper design to enable movement. The major elements to be considered are; safety features like increased lighting, reduced speed of vehicles, effective and efficient traffic signals, and cross walks; efficient street network that allows for a greater route choice; convenient access to options to mass transit; installation of clear and direct signage; widening of the streets for the people instead of widening it for cars (Wright, 2012). Activity center and mixed use of walkable street For a street to be truly walkable, the destinations from the places of residence to places of shopping, work, school, and parks are to be in close proximity. It has been noted that the most useful way of reduci ng the walking distance is by aligning the side walks diagonally. Sine proximity promotes walking trips which in turn increases the volume of the pedestrians on the side walk, the number of activities being done also increase. The walkable street comprise of what Oldenberg referred to as Third Places. They are typically groceries, corner pubs, cash-points, post offices, or any other facility that the residents of the neighborhood run into each other and interactively chat. This builds friendships, neighborhood bonds, promotion of sociability, familiarity, and trust (Mehta, 2008).According to Forsyth (2009) is of the opinion that the more essential ingredient for any street to be walkable in the urban areas is for the street to be lined with a collection of diverse, healthy, local establishments. Such an assemblage of various enterprises ensures that people who are strolling down the street is rewarded by fascinating cornupia of views, sounds, smells, and potentially satisfying purch ases no matter how frequent the street is walked. Active open space in relation walkable streetThe Walkable streets need to undergo planning therefore, the design should incorporate creation of space for urban greenery like street trees, seating areas and shelter effectively accommodate the pedestrians. So as to create a more appealing environment for businesses, pedestrians, and drivers, there is need to take full advantage of the opportunities made available by rethinking parking like amenities of the pedestrians , whereby street corners with more sidewalk space, plantings , and seating, can be made into focal points that are necessary to bring back the pedestrians and street life. Besides, curb extensions at intersections create short crossing distances for pedestrians therefore; minimal wait times for the automobiles. Walkable streets are embraced by many folks because the pedestrians fell more comfortable while walking because of the slower speeds of vehicles and the reduced number of the curb cuts. Moreover, businesses get more sales as a result of the increased passerby and the first time walk-ins. Drivers can also get more exercise when walking (Kent, 2011). Crime on walkable streetsWalkable streets should be designed in way that encourages safety to the pedestrians. Safety features like increased lighting systems and reduced vehicle speeds can reduce incidences of crime like abduction and mugging. With regard to improved safety, curb extensions make the pedestrians and sidewalks more visible to the drivers. This is because narrower lanes slow down vehicles thus reducing the risks to bicyclists and pedestrians. The replacement of parking lots with in-fill development activities removes the space that is seen as unsafe and makes it possible for any anonymous criminal behavior (Sandt, 2011). Traffic on walkable streetsFor the pedestrians to feel comfortable, retail establishments and streets that are along to be healthy, a walkable street should cont ain a relatively low speed motor vehicle travel. The most assuring way of providing such modest is by providing ample on-street parking which not only does it slows down cars, but is also a s...

Film Analysis Of Gavin Hoods Tsotsi - 1253 Words

Set in Johannesburg in post-apartheid South Africa, the contrast between rich and poor is extensively explored in the film Tsotsi’, directed by Gavin Hood (2005). The movie illustrates the dramatic life of a young thug named Tsotsi, who shoots and steals a car from a middle-classed African woman, thus unintentionally kidnapping her baby. The themes of decency, redemption and chance are extensively explored within the film, absorbing the viewer’s attention. That is achieved by cinematic techniques, including camera angles, custom design and music that communicate Hood’s views of stereotyping. Through the use of camera angles, Hood has captured makes no sense. What do you mean† the views†? Look at the title of this essay and rethink how†¦show more content†¦This stereotyping many young men who are like Tsotsi affected by AIDS or HIV as orphans to those diseases.makes no sense By the use of camera shots, Hood captures the realistic aspects of b eing orphaned and unconsciously transported into a thug lifestyle, conveying to the viewer the distinguishedwhy use this word? What do you mean? differences of being raised in the slums compared to being raised in a middle-class home. The use of visual elements such as customhow is custom a visual element? Can you see it? It seems you misunderstand the word â€Å" custom† creates the distinguished settingsexpression of the film. Hood has emphasised the thug characteristics of Tsotsi through the use of costume design. Dressed in dark stereotypical gangster clothing that produces the uncertainty of Tsotsi to the viewerexpression. This is evident by the choice of his bright red t-shirt, that foreshadows his theexp criminal activatespellings, of killing innocent people and thus wearing his personality of a stereotypical thug. The viewers judgment of Tsotsi changes to empathy whenif you say â€Å"when† then you need to change your sentence structure e.g when I laugh, the b aby cries. Your sentence structure is incorrect the image of Tsotsi rising up from the hill carrying the child, wearing a white clean shirt. This

The Portrayal of Socially Destructive and Over-Ambitious...

Richard, the main character of the Shakespeare’s play, Richard III is portrayed as socially destructive and politically over-ambitious. His destructive potential is depicted by the way he relates with the other protagonists in the play and also by what he confesses as his intentions. Richard’s political ambition is revealed through his strategic calculations based on the order of birth in his York family which puts him third away from the throne. Ahead of him is his elder brother, George Clarence, a barrier which will have to eradicate. His brother, King Edward, is another political barrier, by simply being alive, in power and equally by being the father of the two young princes . Richard’s creates a political mistrust between his two†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Whereas the senecan tyrant rages against virtue in the name of ambition, or lust, R.B.Pierce argues that Richard, ‘like the formal vice, Iniquity’ (III.i.82), thrives by an ironic detachment from all the standards of traditional morality including the claims of the family† (Robert.B.Pierce, 1971:90-91) Shakespeare in his play, Richard III, added a physical deformity to incite people to see his plays. A both deformed and mobile character was found to be a scary mon ster. To begin with, he invites the audience to his unhappy life despite the fact that the no one pays attention to him because others neither find him handsome nor sexually appealing. Richard is not eye-catching due to physical deformity which he vividly describes as the cause of his misfit, and therefore acquires himself the status of a victim. No one pays attention to him because others neither find him handsome nor sexually appealing. But he magnetizes the audience, makes them complicit of his own deeds and dares it to look away. However, as he unfolds his intentions, towards the end of the first soliloquy, the audience is awestruck at how many sordid deeds he is capable of. We are also rendered helpless for we cannot warn his potential victims of the danger which awaits them, but we are captives of Richard’s rhetorical language that generates a special

Wild Horses free essay sample

On her article Stillman brings up the point of how â€Å"in the old days they (ranchers) hired contractors to gun down mustangs and bring them their ears. Today, Big Beef still hires guns- Politicians who set policy for the Bureau of Land Management†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Stillman is clearly opposing to the bill signed by ex-president Bush, which left the wild horses unprotected. Throughout her article she talks about how government involvement might affect the icon that wild horses represent both ways, positively and negatively. The bill signed my ex-president Nixon protected wild horses and burros from those who wanted to take them to the slaughterhouses; however, the legislation passed my ex-president Bush made a turn around to what Nixon had done in benefit of the wild horses. Stillman opposes to our government’s way to handle the issue and is clearly stating that powerful beef companies are telling our politicians how to create public policy concerning this matter. We will write a custom essay sample on Wild Horses or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The before mentioned quote makes a great comparison with ranchers and guns and indicates how things have not changed much over the years, it’s about the money and power. Although the mustang is one of the icons of American culture, it seems that the government has other priorities and protecting the wild horses is not one of them. I think that this is a very powerful article and maybe it does involve emotions to some extent, but saving this symbol of the American Western conquest is quite worth it. Perhaps, our government needs to focuses more on preserving American as once was and not make of the wild horses a story book to be read by future generations. Stillman, Deanne. â€Å"Thinking about Wild Horses† Critical Thinking. Boston, MA.